Unemployment : What, Why & Features Etc.

In this article, we will discuss unemployment in a simple and easy way, and try to understand various important aspects of it;

So to understand well, definitely read the article till the end, and you will get the link of all other articles related to unemployment below, definitely visit it. 💡 Social and Politics

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Chapters of Content

|Background of unemployment

Unemployment is one of the most serious social problems of the modern era. It is a concomitant of social disintegration, that is why the difficult problem of the present age is unemployment.

From 1919 to 1937, unemployment had assumed a formidable form. Due to which there was uproar all around. At that time the depression of business and business, death, hunger, crime etc. were all around in their formidable form.

After the Second World War, its form got worse. This emerged as a major problem especially in newly liberated countries. India was also no exception to this.

Even after 70 years of independence, India still seems to be struggling in the face of unemployment. Unemployment is also a matter of concern because it not only increases individual disintegration but also strengthens social and family divisions.

It not only encourages moral degradation and crime, but also gives rise to ruin in the society. Therefore, it is not only dangerous for the particular country, but it is also terrible for the entire human society. So let’s understand, what is unemployment?

| What is unemployment?

There are two components of population in any country – (1) labor force and (2) non labor force.

(1) Labor force – All those persons, who are engaged in any work from which money is earned.

The thing to remember here is that sometimes a person wants to earn money and he also looks for work but he does not get work, similar people are kept in the category of unemployed (what does this mean) Will explain this further).

(2) Non-labor force – All those people who are not engaged in any money earning work nor are they looking for any such work, then such persons are not said to be unemployed; Such as children, old people, teenagers and adolescent girls.

Overall an unemployed person is one who wants to earn money and is also looking for employment but unable to get employment, hence it is called involuntary unemployment.

On the other hand, such a person who does not want to work himself or even if he wants to do it because of less salary, then such situation is called voluntary unemployment because work is available but due to some reason the person himself doesn’t want to.

That is why it is to be remembered here that involuntary unemployment is considered to be unemployment and this involuntary unemployment is further divided into cyclical, seasonal, structural and disguised unemployment, (which we will elaborate in the article types of unemployment).

Features of unemployment

Its concept can be understood more clearly on the basis of some of the major features of unemployment. These features are as follows;

Ability to Work – A person can be said to be unemployed only when he has the ability and ability to work, has the physical and mental ability to work.

If an unwell and neurotic person does not do any work due to his physical and mental defects, then he will not be kept in the category of unemployment.

Willingness to work – If a person does not want to do any gainful work and then leads an indolent or lazy life, then he cannot be called unemployed.

A person will be said to be unemployed in that situation, when he definitely desires to work but still he cannot get any work. From this point of view sadhus, sannyasis, ascetics etc. cannot be kept in the category of unemployed, because they do not wish to work despite being physically and mentally healthy.

Continuous effort in the context of finding work – Despite the desire and ability, if a person is not constantly trying to do any beneficial work, then the condition of unemployment cannot arise.

For example, A person who has achieved success in the first class, despite having the desire and qualification for the job, if he does not send an application, etc, then he cannot be called unemployed.

Purpose of earning – If a person does not get any gainful work for the purpose of earning, then he will not be called unemployed.

For example, if a teacher provides free education without taking anything from the students, then we cannot call him a person engaged in employment. He is said to be engaged in employment only when he collects the fees for the work of his studies.

Similarly, the work of managing the house of a home owner cannot be considered as an employment-oriented work, because despite being valuable, this work is not economically productive, it is not earning. Provided that if she does any other work at the rate of prevailing wages along with her housekeeping work, then her work will be called employable.

Lack of full employment according to qualification – A person can be said to be in a state of full employment only if he is engaged in paid work according to his ability and capacity, but if he cannot get paid work according to his ability and capacity, but has to work for less than that. If so, such a situation is called partially unemployed.

Thus, explaining unemployment in the light of all these characteristics, we can say that it is a condition in which physically and mentally capable, willing and striving person for the purpose of earning income according to his ability and ability at the rate of prevailing wages. Unable to get profitable work.

| measure of unemployment

The unemployment rate is the percentage of the labor force that wants to work but is unable to find work. The following formula is used to calculate it-

Rate of Unemployment = Unemployment Labor/ Total Labor Force x 100

The measurement of unemployment is a difficult task, that too in a country like India where there is such a population; It gets even more difficult, yet there are many agencies that do this;

(1) National Sample Survey Office

The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, Government of India, has been the principal government agency in India at the national and state level to study employment and unemployment rates through sample surveys. Generally it releases its report every 5 years.

However, there has been no new survey in this direction since 2012. A new survey was started in 2017-2018 but officially this survey has not been made public yet.

NSSO also releases Periodic Labor Force Survey which is quarterly, the latest survey in this regard is available April-June 2020, on page number 9 of which unemployment status can be seen.

(2) CMIE reports

A private organization called Center for Monitoring Indian Economy has created an online dashboard for information related to unemployment, where the unemployment rate is updated every day. To know the current unemployment status in India , visit the Unemployment Rate in India .

Closing Remarks

The most serious aspect of unemployment is the personal aspect. The person who does not have any business has to face many personal calamities and his income stops.

No matter what is done to help him, financial insecurity changes his entire outlook on life.

This affects all its work. Later on believing that society does not need it and it is useless; Self-esteem may also be lost in it.

In the end, he may become downright frustrated, and may even be careless in other things and give up on the pursuit of business.

In some cases of mental and emotional instability, unemployment is a purely individual problem that needs to be treated individually, but in general it is an economic and social problem.

So overall this is unemployment, hopefully you must have understood. Also read other important articles related to the same topic, the link is given below;