Understanding of Judiciary in India [UPSC]

Understanding of Judiciary is very important, especially for those, who live in democracy set up and enjoy justice as a fundamental right. judiciary is one of the pillars of the democracy, i.e democracy exists because justice exists.

In this article, we will basically understand the basics of Judiciary and try to understand what is the best way to understand the whole concept of judiciary in india. Before this, You must read the article on Executive so that you know how executive should be read.

You will find many articles related to judiciary in this page, just reach the below of page and choose the article to read, and don’t forget to read related or subsidiary articles to understand judiciary to its fullest.

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Understanding of Judiciary

Democracy is considered a successful institution because it has a system of proper justice. Social, economic and political justice has also been mentioned in the preamble. The judiciary is a part of the government separate from the government, which ensures the supremacy of the law.

In other words, it not only ensures the justice system but also gives direction to the government when needed. It is able to guide because it is an independent body.

And this independent body is because the legislature and the executive cannot unnecessarily obstruct the process of the judiciary. The government and other organs of the government also cannot obstruct the process of the court. This means that the judiciary does its work without any fear and favour.

Integrated Structure of Judiciary

If you look at this, then there is a federal system in the country. That is, the powers and jurisdiction of the center and the state are different. In the case of the judiciary, the system is integrated. That is, the Supreme Court is at the top, the High Court below it and the subordinate court below it.

In other words, the powers of the Court are not divided in the same way as it is divided between the Center and the States. Rather, the powers increase in a sequence from the lower court to the Supreme Court. You can see it in this chart how it represents an integrated system.

Supreme Court of India
⚫ Its decisions are to be obeyed by all courts. ⚫ It can transfer judges of the High Court. ⚫ It can call for the case of any court. ⚫ It can send a case pending in one High Court to another High Court. ⚫ Can issue writs to restore fundamental rights.

High Courts of India
⚫ Can hear appeals made on the decisions of lower courts. ⚫ Can issue writs to restore fundamental rights. ⚫ Can settle cases falling under the jurisdiction of the State. ⚫ Supervises and controls the courts subordinate to him.

District Courts of India
⚫ hears cases filed in the district. ⚫ Hears the appeals made on the decisions of the lower courts. ⚫ Adjudicates on serious criminal cases.

Subordinate courts of India
⚫ deals with criminal and civil cases. ⚫ Settles minor and less serious local disputes.

Subordinate Courts, District Courts, High Courts and Supreme Courts mentioned in this chart; We will understand about all in detail in separate articles. All the links are given below

⚫ Other Important Articles ⚫

English Articles	Hindi Articles
The Supreme Court: Role, Formation, independence of supreme court judicial review in india Jurisdiction of Supreme Court Supreme Court Advocate Judicial Activism: Meaning, Benefits, PIL – Public Interest Litigation judicial review of the Ninth Schedule? High Court: Constitution & Independence High Court Jurisdiction Subordinate Courts: Meaning and Scope D/w between District & Sessions Court Lok Adalat: Functions, Features etc. Gram Nyayalay : Brief Analysis National Legal Services Authority: NALSA Family Court : everything you need to know	उच्चतम न्यायालय: भूमिका, गठन.. उच्चतम न्यायालय की स्वतंत्रता भारत में न्यायिक समीक्षा उच्चतम न्यायालय का क्षेत्राधिकार उच्चतम न्यायालय के अधिवक्ता न्यायिक सक्रियता: अर्थ, फायदे PIL – जनहित याचिका नौवीं अनुसूची की न्यायिक समीक्षा उच्च न्यायालय: भूमिका, स्वतंत्रता उच्च न्यायालय के क्षेत्राधिकार अधीनस्थ न्यायालय: अर्थ, संरचना, जिला एवं सत्र न्यायालय में अंतर लोक अदालत: कार्य, विशेषताएँ ग्राम न्यायालय राष्ट्रीय विधिक सेवा प्राधिकरण: NALSA परिवार न्यायालय

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