In this short article, we will try to understand very briefly, how does a lizards change its color? So read this informative article till the end.

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lizards

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Lizards: Introduction

Lizards are part of a group of animals called reptiles. They are most closely related to snakes. In fact, some lizards, called sheltopusiks, look like snakes because they don’t have legs! Many lizards today resemble ancient reptiles of the dinosaur era. Their ancestors appeared on Earth 200 million years ago.

In general, lizards have a small head, short neck, and a long body and tail. Unlike snakes, most lizards have movable eyelids. There are currently over 4,675 lizard species, including iguanas, chameleons, geckos, Gila monsters, monitors and skinks.

Why does a Lizards change its color ? 

Before knowing lizards changes its color, it is important to know why lizards change their color.

It is not only about lizards, many other types of creatures like squid, octopus and some types of butterflies have also been given the power by nature to change their appearance in self defense.

In other words, it is a chameleon’s way of self-defense, in fact, the color of the environment in which the chameleon lives is similar to that, so that they are not visible from a distance.

At the same time, changing the color is also his courtship style, that is, he also changes color to attract his partner.

How does a lizards change its color ?

Now how does it change color – so chameleons have two layered or superimposed layers of skin that control their color and temperature.

Their upper skin is transparent, beneath which are layers of specialized cells called chromatophores.

Mature chromatophores are classified into subclasses on the basis of their colour- i.e.,

Xanthophores (for yellow),
erythrophores (for red),
iridophores (these act like tiny mirrors that selectively reflect and absorb colours),
cyanophores (for blue) and
melanophores , containing a substance called melanin. element exists.

When the melanophore cell is activated, the lizards appears green with a mixture of blue and yellow, or a mixture of blue and red.

But when the chameleon is angry, black particles emerge, the chameleon appears dark brown. 

As soon as the danger message is sent to their brain, their brain sends signals to those cells and these cells start expanding and shrinking accordingly and the color of the chameleon starts changing. 

You can see how the chameleon changes its color in the video below.

Some Important facts

#  Although a chameleon has legs but it is a reptile. That is, chameleon comes in the category of crawling creatures.

#  Some lizards may detach their tails when caught by predators. Anyway, if the chameleon’s tail is cut off, it grows again.

#  Chameleons’ upper and lower eyelids fuse, leaving just a small hole for them to see. However, they can move their eyes independently, allowing them to see in two different directions at the same time.

#  Chameleons have long tongues, and they pull them out of their mouths so quickly that they lick their prey before humans can blink.

#  There are some chameleons that do not have the ability to change color.

#  The gecko lizard has no eyelids and its toes are so strong that it can climb even small mountains.

#  The Komodo dragon is the largest type of lizard, which can grow up to 3 m (10 ft) in length. These are found on many different Indonesian islands. Komodo dragons are carnivores (meat eaters) and can be very aggressive.

# Lizards smell things with their tongues! Just like snakes. Lizards may use these scent “clues” to find food or mates or to locate enemies.

# Lizards cannot hear like us, but their hearing is better than snakes.

# Lizards have dry, scaly skin that does not grow with their bodies. Instead, most lizards shed their old skin in large clumps, or molt, to make way for new skin to grow underneath.

# Horned lizards are able to draw blood from small blood vessels in their eyes to scare or confuse predators. The armadillo lizard has sharp, pointed scales and can roll its soft belly into a tight ball to protect it from attack. The Sungazer lizard has impressive spikes that cover its body, including the tail.

# Lizards can be found on every continent except Antarctica, and they live in all habitats except extremely cold regions and deep oceans. Tree dwellers have special toes: long or short and wide with pointed claws. They often have a prehensile tail for grasping thin branches. Those that live in a burrow have shorter legs, or none at all, which allows them to move underground more easily. Marine iguanas spend most of their lives underwater, although they come ashore to rest on rocks or sandy beaches. Desert dwellers, such as geese, usually sleep under warm sand during the day and come out when the sun goes down.

# The male lizard uses various tricks to attract the attention of the female. They nod their heads vigorously or display their brightest colors or best features. The green lizard inflates a rust-colored throat sack, called a dewlap, to win over the female of its choice, sometimes maintaining this display for hours.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizard
https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/lizard