Difference b/w District and Sessions Court WonderContent

In this article, we will discuss the difference between District and Sessions Court in a simple and easy way.

In the Indian Integrated Judicial System, the Supreme Court is at the top , followed by the High Courts of the states and then the subordinate courts; District and Sessions Courts are subordinate courts, they are subordinate because they work under the High Court. [Like – Facebook Page ]

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Difference between District and Sessions Court

Actually in any district there are two separate courts for criminal and civil cases. The place where the civil cases are heard is called the District Court and the criminal cases where the trial takes place is called the Sessions Court.

However, the judge of both the courts can be the same. The District Judge is the highest judicial officer at the district level and has jurisdiction to conduct hearings in both the District and Sessions Courts.

When he hears civil cases he is called District Judge and when he hears criminal cases he is called Sessions Judge.

The jurisdiction of a District Court is given in the Code of Civil Procedure , 1908 and it functions accordingly. On the other hand, the jurisdiction of the Court of Session is given in the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973 and it conducts the work accordingly.

Civil cases and criminal cases

Murder, dacoity, rape, or any other act which has been declared as an offense by any law is called a criminal case . In this there is a provision of punishment, fine or both, hence it is also called criminal case.

Similarly, disputes related to marriage, divorce, adoption, land, etc., in which rights are demanded or compensation is demanded, etc., are called civil cases. Which can also be settled by mutual conciliation or agreement.

One thing to remember here is that many cases are dichotomous in nature which can be taken to civil court as well as criminal court. It depends on the person concerned where he wants to raise the matter.

For example, suppose two people had a fight over land and one got very serious injuries. If that aggrieved person goes to the civil court, it would mean that he only wants compensation or his right back. But if the same person goes to the criminal court regarding the same matter, then it will mean that he wants to get him punished.

Some facts

Since it is the largest court at the district level, it also has the power to supervise all other subordinate courts in the district. The District Judge heads it. An appeal can be made against his decision in the High Court.

The District Judge has the power to punish a criminal with life imprisonment to death. But the death sentence given by him can be implemented only when the High Court of that state approves it.

High court

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District Court	Session Court
⬇️	⬇️
Court of the Subordinate Judge	Chief Judicial Magistrate
⬇️	⬇️
Munsif Adalat	Judicial Magistrate’s Court

Below the District Court is the ‘Court of the Subordinate Judge’ for civil matters . This court has very wide powers in respect of civil suit. Below that there is a “Munsif Adalat” for the trial of civil cases . The Munsif Judge had a limited jurisdiction and adjudicated on petty civil matters.

Similarly below the Court of Session is the “Court of the Chief Judicial Magistrate” for the trial of criminal cases . The Chief Judicial Magistrate can be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years. And below that there is a “Judicial Magistrate’s Court” for the trial of criminal cases . It deals with criminal cases punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years.

Hope you have understood the difference between District and Sessions Court, the links of other articles related to this are being given below.

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Crime

Any such act for which there is a provision of punishment in any law is called a crime. There are laws made by Parliament or Legislature as well as court orders, any private institutional law, custom or tradition based law etc. There can be many such laws in which there is a provision of punishment for any act.

In such a situation, no matter how much you try to escape, it becomes a crime. That is why we must know some basic things about crime. So what is crime, we have already understood it, now let’s talk further.

Which act will be a crime and what will be its punishment, it is written in the Indian Penal Code i.e. IPC 1860. And what will be the process of verifying the crime, what will be the process of punishment, what will be the process of executing it, all this has been discussed in the Criminal Procedure Code i.e. CrPC 1973.